During the Second World War, Elisabeth Mann lived in Frankfurt and was a member of the Quakers faith community. In mid-February 1943, at the request of her fellow Quaker Eva Hermann, she took in the…
After the death of her daughter Ruth in 1934, Gertrud Marks moved in with her Jewish son-in-law Heinrich Birnbaum. Marks, classified by the “Nuremberg race laws” as a “1st-grade Mischling”…
Rudolph Levy-Barley met Gertrud Marks in Berlin during the war; she was classed by the “Nuremberg race laws” as a “1st-grade Mischling” (“half-breed”). The two of them got engaged. Levy-Barley went…
The Jewish couple Alice and Hermann Löwenstein lived in Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Having been partially paralyzed for years, Hermann Löwenstein poisoned himself at the end of December 1941 to avoid…
Gerda Mez began working as a hair specialist for the Hans Schwarzkopf company in Berlin in 1934. The Nazis’ “race laws” prevented her from marrying her Jewish fiancé.
When her former colleague…
Gerhard Beck and his twin sister Margot grew up in Berlin. Their father was Jewish; their mother converted to Judaism for her wedding.
From the spring of 1940, 16-year-old Gerhard Beck prepared for…
At the age of 14, Heinz Abrahamsohn began training as a locksmith since he was not allowed to continue attending school, as a Jew. He soon had to perform forced labor. His parents were arrested in…
Galina Gerasimchik grew up on her parents’ farm in the village of Szubków (now Shubkiv, Ukraine). She had two siblings, Klavdiya and Nikolay Gerasimchik.
In September 1942, Galina’s father Pavel…
Lyubov Gerasimchik lived with her husband Pavel on the family’s farm in the village of Szubków (now Shubkiv, Ukraine). The couple had three children, Klavdiya, Galina, and Nikolay, and also cared for…
During the war, Walter Kulka and his wife Luisa lived at Bamberger Straße 51 in Berlin-Schöneberg. Kulka ran a removals company founded by his father Willy. In 1939 the Jewish sisters Ilse and…
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