Jan Kostański lived in Warsaw with his mother Władysława and his sisters Danuta and Jadwiga. They were friends with the Jewish Wierzbicki family, who were interned in the ghetto from the fall of…
Traian Popovici was born in Rușii-Mănăstioara and was the son of a priest. He completed his doctorate in law in Czernowitz (Chernivtsi) in 1919 and went on to work as a lawyer.
The persecution of…
Slovakia was allied with the German Reich, and introduced anti-Jewish laws in 1939. From then on, 14-year-old Jana Gráfová from Bratislava and her family were persecuted. She was no longer allowed to…
Tadeusz Pankiewicz worked in the Apteka pod Orłem (Eagle Pharmacy) in the Kraków area of Podgόrze from 1927 on. In March 1941 the German occupiers converted the neighborhood into a ghetto. Non-Jewish…
In June 1941 German troops conquered Riga. The Jewish tailor Frīda Frīd had to perform forced labor and move into the ghetto soon after. In December 1941, she narrowly escaped a mass execution in the…
Benjamin Międzyrzecki and his three siblings lived with their parents in Warsaw. After the German invasion in 1939, the Międzyrzeckis were subjected to persecution as Jews. The area where the family…
Feigele Peltel grew up in a working-class Jewish family in Warsaw. She joined the Jewish Labor Bund as a teenager. After the German occupation of Warsaw in 1939, the Peltels were subjected to…
Nelli Gordon visited her grandfather and aunt in Dnepropetrovsk (today Dnipro) in September 1941. Shortly after her arrival, the Wehrmacht occupied the city and Nelli could not return to her family…
The Jewish businessman Simon Brod ran a successful textile import company in Istanbul with his brother Max. During World War II, Simon Brod worked for the Jewish Agency and the American Jewish Joint…
Maria Mikulska was a nun in a Benedictine convent in Wilna (now Vilnius, Lithuania). When German troops occupied the city in June 1941, violence against the population increased. Jews were persecuted…
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